SafePharm Laboratories - Eco-Toxicology

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Ecotoxicology - Biodegradation

Biodegradation Testing

The testing for degradation of the test material by micro-organisms and an assessment of the toxicity of the material to micro-organisms plays an important role in the indication of it's potential to persist in the environment. The biodegradation of the material may be monitored by a variety of parameters such as CO2 evolution, oxygen consumption and removal of dissolved organic carbon or by compound specific analysis, depending upon the test method and regulatory requirements.

A full range of ready biodegradation tests are supported by facilities to conduct inherent biodegradation bacterial toxicity and anaerobic tests as well.

ECO

Ready Biodegradability

The ready biodegradation tests currently offered include:

5 Day BOD/COD
DOC Die-Away (OECD 301A)
CO2 Evolution Test (OECD 301B)
MITI Biodegradation Test (OECD 301C)
Closed Bottle Test (OECD 301D)
Modified OECD Screening Test (OECD 301E)
Manometric Respirometry Test (OECD 301F)

SafePharm Laboratories is one of the few non-Japanese laboratories to have successfully submitted biodegradation studies in support of Japanese Chemical Substance Law notifications. The Department has a state of the art electrolytic respirometer with automatic computer controlled data logging facilities to ensure data security.

Inherent Biodegradability

Our extensive facilities can provide higher tier testing for inherent biodegradation using the following methods:

Modified SCAS Test (OECD 302A)
Modified Zahn Wellens/EMPA Test (OECD 302B)
Modified MITI (II) Test (OECD 302C)

Other Biodegradation Tests

The Department of Ecotoxicology routinely conducts Sea Water Biodegradation Tests according to OECD 306 and Anaerobic Tests following the method published in the ECETOC Technical Report No. 28.
The Department has collaborated in research projects with Sponsors and academic institutions on biodegradation using novel approaches to testing and has gained extensive experience in the design of non-standard tests to provide data for specific Sponsor requirements.

Bacterial Toxicity Tests

The Department has the facility to conduct several different types of bacterial toxicity tests including:

Activated Sludge respiration Inhibition Test (OECD 209)
Bacterial Toxicity Test with Pseudomonas putida (German Water Hazard Classification Test)
Inhibition of Nitrification (ISO 95090)

Soil Microbial Activity

The department has developed facilities to conduct both carbon and nitrogen mineralisation tests in soils (OECD 216 & 217).

Examples of research Presentations

“The Acute Toxicity to Daphnia manga as a Result for Calcium Sequestration”	– Poster at 6th SETAC Europe Conference – May 1996
“The Assessment for Endocrine Activity of Synthetic Chemicals Before and After Biodegradation”	– Poster at 20th SETAC Meeting USA – November 1999
“Acute and Chronic Toxicity to Daphnia magna Mitigated by Calcium Sequentration”	– Poster at 20th SETAC Meeting USA – November 1999
“A Proposal for the Standardisation of Water Accommodated Fraction Preparation for Testing Daphnia when Micro-Dispersions are Formed”	– Poster at 20th SETAC Meeting USA – November 1999
“The Use of Inert Carriers in Regulatory Biodegradation Tests of Low Density Poorly Water-Soluble Substances”	– Poster at 3rd SETAC World Congress, Brighton UK – May 2000 – Accepted for publication – the journal Chemosphere – January 2002
“Endorcine Factors Associated with the Test Organisms Increase the Solubility of the Test Chemical in a Regulatory Toxicity Test”	– Poster at 11th SETAC World Congress, Brighton UK – May 2000
“Environmental Enrichment for Fish in Regulatory Toxicology Studies”	- Animal Toxicology (2001) Vol. 52 No 3 p227–231
“Comparison of the BCFs for 1,4-Dibromobenzene in Common Carp and Rainbow Trout;”	– Poster at 22nd SETAC USA Meeting Baltimore, USA – November 2001
“Analysis of Emamectin Benzoate in Sea Water by Liquid Chromatography – Mass Selective Detection (LC-MSD)”	– Poster at 12th SETAC European Meeting Vienna – May 2002

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